Centennial Land Run Monument

Oklahoma City OK

Amost all of Oklahoma was once Indian Territory. Through treaties in 1866, tribes ceded about half the land to the US government for the relocation of more tribes, except about 2,000,000 acres designated “Unassigned Lands”. These lands were opened for non-Indian settlement on April 22, 1889.

Referred to as “Boomers,” by the appointed day more than 50,000 hopefuls were living in tent cities on all four sides of the territory.

The events that day at Fort Reno on the western border were typical. At 11:50 AM, soldiers called for everyone to form a line. When the hands of the clock reached noon, the cannon of the fort boomed, and the soldiers signaled the settlers to start. With the crack of hundreds of whips, thousands of Boomers streamed into the territory in wagons, on horseback, and on foot.

All told, from 50,000 to 60,000 settlers entered the territory that day. By nightfall, they had staked thousands of claims either on town lots or quarter section farm plots. Towns like Norman, Oklahoma City, Kingfisher, and Guthrie sprang into being almost overnight.

Cases involving “Sooners”–people who had entered the territory before the legal date and time–overloaded courts for years to come.
This sculpture depicting the land rush is a very impressive sight.